Safety related work practices are employed to prevent electric shock or other injuries resulting from either direct or indirect electrical contact when work is . Figure 1: Switchgears are analogous to airbag protection in automobiles. Electrical wiring is generally refers to. Hence they are part of the system protection and need to be coordinated with the other system protection devices. PPT-127-01. Overcurrent protection is seen to be a series connection of cascading current-interrupting devices. Electrical codes and standards. Title: PowerPoint Presentation Created Date: 2/10/2004 7:26:13 PM Document presentation format: On-screen Show Other titles: Times Default Design UNIT OBJECTIVES INTRODUCTION TO MOTOR CONTROL DEVICES Slide 4 Slide 5 MOTOR AMPERAGES THE RELAY Slide 8 THE CONTACTOR Slide 10 Slide 11 Slide 12 MOTOR STARTERS Slide 14 MOTOR PROTECTION Slide 16 INHERENT (INTERNAL) MOTOR PROTECTION EXTERNAL MOTOR . . 4. distribution boards a distribution board is described in the etci rules for electrical installations (et101: 2000) as an assembly of protective devices, including two or more fuses or circuit breakers, arranged for the distribution of electrical energy to final circuits or to other distribution boards. Overcurrent Protective Devices 43 3. HIGH VOLTAGE CIRCUIT BREAKER Electrical power transmission networks are protected and controlled by high-voltage breakers. Surge Protective Devices (SPD) are used to protect the electrical installation, which consists of the consumer unit, wiring and accessories, from electrical power surges known as transient overvoltages. Use an Energized Electrical Work . . fProtection Relay A protection relay is a device that detects the fault and initiates the operation of the circuit breaker to isolate the defective system from the rest of the healthy system. 47 slides. A fuse is an electrical safety device that has the capability to protect an electric circuit from excessive electric current. If the OCPD will not clear the fault and one more cycle takes place, then the cable starts to burn. OTHER BREAKERS RecloserA type of circuit breaker that closes automatically after a delay. Multilin GPM-S The GPM-S is a Stator Ground Protection Module that provide 100% stator ground fault protection during generator start-up, running and stopped conditions. 1. electrical safety and system protection. a distribution board will consist of a Stator Faults Windings overheating Windings phase-to-phase fault Windings phase-to-earth fault Inter-turn fault 2. Types of Electrical Earthing permits to switch-off or switch-on the generators, transmission lines . Title: Circuit Protection 1 Circuit Protection Protective Devices terminate current flow in a circuit. Rotor Faults Earth fault Winding short-circuit (wound rotor) Overheating 3. It is designed to allow current through the circuit, but in the event that the current exceeds some maximum value it will open, severing the circuit. these sections are protected by protective relaying systems comprising of instrument transformers (its), protective relays, circuit breakers (cbs) and communication equipment. For example, while the Basler BE1-CDS220 is Low voltage fuses The fuse is the oldest device used to protect electrical circuits and equipments against overload and short circuits. The large inrush current that occurs . This presentation covers changes to the 2015 edition. 3. Eco Electrical Systems has been designing and manufacturing avian protection products, bird guards for power lines, for over 20 years. Different types of the protective device that are commonly used in electrical and electronic circuit 1.Fuse Wire or Fuse 2.MCB - Miniature circuit breaker 3.ELCB - Earth Leakage Circuit Breaker 4.ELCB & MCB 5.Earthing or Grounding 1.Fuse The fuse can have many forms and shapes depending on its application. Only qualified workers who have been trained in the avoidance of electrical hazards are permitted to work on or near exposed energized parts. Ask for one idea from each group. We supply the complete range of electrical safety equipment and we are market leaders in the supply of insulating gloves, insulating matting, earthing & short circuiting kits . Electrical and Industrial | Power management solutions | Eaton current and associated device. The NFPA family of codes and standards that deal with electrical issues are as dynamic as the subjects they addressincluding NFPA 70, National Electrical Code (NEC), NFPA 70B, Recommended Practice for Electrical Equipment Maintenance, and NFPA 70E, Standard for Electrical Safety in the Workplace.These extensive documents reflect changing industry . protection of electrical and non-electrical equip-ment are co-ordinated by specialized IEC and ISO working groups. PPT-008-02 Electrical protective devices are meant to function in the circuit before they can contribute a shock hazard. Electrical Wire Manufacturing Plant Project Report PPT 2021 - The global electric wire market is primarily driven by rapid urbanization and growing infrastructural activities that result in rising electrical applications across residential and industrial sectors. device used in electrical installations with high earth impedance to prevent shock. There are two types of ELCBs: 1. A numeric relay generally contains many imple-mentations of these devices within its program-ming, and each instance of a device is referred to, herein, as an "element" in the relay. 5. Electrical Hazards Arc Flash/Arc Blast Arc flash Sudden release of electrical energy through air when a high-voltage gap exists and there is a breakdown between conductors It refers to the connection of a noncurrent-carrying part of the equipment or neutral of supply system to the ground, which represents the zero potential. By Leslie Fernandez, PE, LEED AP, JBA Consulting Engineers, Las Vegas September 26, 2013 Learning objectives Different protection units have their own resetting points. Reliable circuit protection is essential to avoid the severe monetary losses which can result from power blackouts and prolonged downtime of facilities. LV switchgear components include circuit breakers, changeover switches, fuses, overload relays, and disconnectors. Our innovative bird guard covers for power lines have improved reliability by reducing avian and wildlife electrocutions, fires caused by electrocution, momentary, and permanent power outages on distribution, transmission, and substation power lines for major . 52 slides. Its rating can start from few mA to several kA. Circuit breaker Figure 1: A circuit breaker box. A protection relay is a smart device that receives inputs, compares them to set points, and provides outputs. Shorts Undesirable, low resistance path for current to flow. In the presence of such massive penetrations of intermittencies and uncertainties in the electricity grid, the dependability and security of . Commissioning is a process, and in order to maximize commissioning success, it must begin in the pre-design phase of a project and continue through construction until that final verification is executed. It is a fast acting circuit breaker to shut down the supply when the earth fault occurs within 1/40th of a second. insulated conductor used to carry. Implement an Electrical Safety Program 45 4. The apparatus and method use for switching, controlling and protecti on of the electrical circuits and equipment is known as switchgear and protection. Protection Output Electrical Devices System Input. The main functions of LV switchgear in an electrical power system are isolation, protection, and system modification via switching. Working near exposed energized electrical equipment. excessive current flowing through faulty wiring. This document is intended to shed some light on the sources of ESD and provides guidelines on the prevention and control of ESD. General of seri es devices from the load to the source ar e Where there are two or more series protective de- vices between the fault po int and the power supply, these devices must be coordinated to insure that the device nearest the fault point will operate first. Outputs can include visual feedback in the form of indicator lights and/or an alphanumeric display, communications, control warnings, alarms, and turning power off and on. 1.1 Fundamentals of Power System Protection The purpose of an Electric Power System is to generate and supply electrical energy to consumers. Types of protection 27-37 General requirements 27 Types of protection to electrical equipment 28 . in The following types of protec- the atmosphere. presentation describes general. It also provides isolation of circuits . Generators which are directly connected to the transmission or distribution system are usually earthed through a resistance which will pass approximately rated current to a terminal earth . The protection zone of over current devices is normally more than the transformer. > protection against fire and thermal effects An RCD on its own does not provide protection against overcurrents. Protection devices for electrical circuits accomplish two main functions namely consistency as well as protection. provide power in buildings and. Fuses and Electrical Protection Symbols Fuses are devices containing a small piece of special wire that melts when the intensity of the current flowing through it for a certain period of time exceeds a set value, thus protecting the rest of the electrical circuit overloads. Motor protection circuit breakers are a specialized type of electrical protection device that is designed specifically for electric motors, like their name implies. Bus Protection. A . voltage, current, frequency, phase angle, Read the scenario out loud. In the area of electrical engineering, Power system protection is a branch of electrical power engineering that deals with the protection of electrical power systems from faults [citation needed] through the disconnection of faulted parts from the rest of the electrical network.The objective of a protection scheme is to keep the power system stable by isolating only the components that are under fault, whilst leaving as much of the . Microprocessor-based relays are known as Intelligent Electronic Devices (IED), which can provide 5-12 protection functions, 5-8 control functions controlling separate devices, an autoreclose function, self monitoring function and communication functions, being main their features: Many functions in a single relay The goal is to minimize an outage to the greatest extent possible. Sharp edges Potential for falling objects Electrical connections Extreme temperatures As you conduct a walkthrough of the jobsite, you'll want to document every possible hazard. protected electrical motors and apparatus in coal mines against firedamp were a decisive step in the development of explo-sion-protection. Give students Handout (C) Electrical Safety Scenario. c. Electrical Safety Scenario (25 minutes) 1. The GFCI continually matches the amount of current going to an electrical device against the amount of current returning from the device along the electrical . Be sure to use the appropriately rated hard hat. Careful selection of the sizes of the conductors in wiring systems and the characteristics of protection devices will ensure basic protection of the installation: - Protection against overloads - Limitation of voltage drops - Protection against short-circuits - Checking of the thermal stresses - Protection against indirect contact INTrO Installing and maintaining these five electrical safety devices in your home will protect you and your loved ones. Bus Protection Over-current Differential Back-up Under voltage. Fires are caused by overloading circuits or. However, combined RCD and MCBs are available and are designated RCBOs. Historically, protective device coordination was done on translucent log-log paper. - Examples are fuses, circuit breakers & GFCI's. PREVENTION CONTINUED GUARDING - Any "live" parts operating at 50 volts or more must be guarded to prevent accidental contact. setting fire to insulation and surrounding. Abstract. When too much current: Fuses melt Circuit breakers trip open Note that the interval of the circuit breaker opening and the deterioration of the cable is only one cycle or 0.017 seconds (0.05 seconds - 0.033 . What exactly is electrical isolation: it's a barrier/gap that exists within an electrical path. Thus, the electrical system and equipment are protected from damage. materials. 1. Protective Devices: Philosophy of protection, Nature, Causes and consequences of faults, Zone of protection, Requirements of a protective scheme, Basic terminology components of protection scheme. Buchholz (Gas) Relay Pressure Relay Oil Level Monitor Device Winding Thermometer The power transformer protection as a whole and the utilization of the below presented protection devices are not discussed here. This. protection settings: introduction a power system is composed of a number of sections (equipment) such as generator, transformer, bus bar and transmission line. ELECTRICAL PROTECTIVE DEVICES - Critical to electrical safety. - Interrupts current flow when it exceeds conductor capacity. Design. This creates a flux in the area influenced by the short circuited section (the so-called shaded section) which . The following discusses protection devices typically delivered as a part of the power transformer delivery. . Reliable protective devices prevent or minimize costly damage to transformers, conductors, motors, and the other many components and loads that make up the complete distribution system. Control - Electrical Protective Devices Automatically opens circuit if excess current from overload or ground-fault is detected - shutting off electricity Includes GFCI's, fuses, and circuit breakers Fuses and circuit breakers are overcurrent devices. The three basic functions of switchgear power systems are - electrical protection, electrical isolation, and control. CO-ORDINATION OF PROTECTIVE DEVICES Protective device coordination is the process of determining the "best fit" timing of current interruption when abnormal electrical conditions occur. In addition, the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission reports that nearly 400 people are electrocuted in the . Call us at (727) 771-9403 now and we will inspect your home's electric system. The document focuses on some of the fundamentals of electricity, electrical wiring, electric tools, protective methods and devices, and related work methods and safe practices in the construction industry. in devices 22 Standards for explosion protection 23 3. It is possible for electronic devices to be damaged by ESD that is imperceptible to the human body. 1910.137 (a) (2) (i) (A) The proof test shall reliably indicate that the equipment can withstand the voltage involved. aspects of electrical wiring as used to. Microsoft PowerPoint - Electrical Protection Module 4.ppt Author: yulia.kosarenko Created Date: Electrical shock is defined as a reflex response to the passage of electric current through the body. D efinition of switchgear. Buchholz (Gas) Relay Online Electrical Quizzes. 34! It may interest you. Voltage Earth Leakage circuit breaker (voltage-ELCB)2. As the leader in circuit protection, Littelfuse offers a variety of products and . Besides this, governments of different countries are extensively investing in smart grid projects and upgrading the transmission and . This fuse will open the 120 volt circuit for any large fault within the computer. Impedance is inserted in the earthing lead to limit the magnitude of the earth fault current. Working at construction sites. Traditional power system protection principles, schemes, and technologies are continuously being challenged by the proliferation of highly distributed stochastic renewable energy sources (RES). Ask each group to identify at least three things that could have been done to prevent this death. Shaded-pole relay In this case operation of the electromagnetic section is short-circuited by means of a copper ring or coil. It interrupts the circuit that is experiencing overload while still allowing currents to flow through the unaffected circuits. We understand the protection you require and as such we only work with the best manufacturers in our industry, providing quality and innovative products and solutions. But for our industry, we can't have an open section of pipe. Divide students into groups of 3 or 4. It helps to protect the electrical machines and appliances. 2 Fusible links Inputs can be current, voltage, resistance, or temperature. Bring the class back together. Explosions are caused when electricity provides a. source of ignition for an explosive mixture in. fulfills the protection requirements Protection Equipment - A collection of devices excluding CT, CB etc Protection Scheme - A collection of protection equipment providing a defined function. 29 f Power System Protection Part - 1 Dr.Prof.Mohammed Tawfeeq 1.2.3. Overcurrent protection is provided by a fuse or a miniature circuit-breaker (MCB). building wiring. Excessive current flow can damage components and wiring. Why Do We Need Protection The objective of a protection scheme is to keep the power system stable by isolating only the components that are under fault, whilst leaving as much of the network as possible still in operation. The information can be organized later, and the proper PPE determined to protect employees from each hazard. The motor operates again whenever the voltage is balance to the normal value. 2 cycles at 60 Hz = ( 2 x 1/60 ) = 0.033 seconds. An average of 51,000 electrical home structure fires occur each year, claiming almost 500 lives, injuring more than 1,400 people, and causing more than $1.3 billion in property damage (National Fire Protection Association, 2003-2007). ASHRAE Guideline 0-2005, "The Commissioning Process," breaks down the process into the following phases: Pre-design. Electric Power Generation, Transmission, and Distribution and Electrical Protective Equipment - Final Rule. Use Warning Labels 49 7. Include fuses, circuit breakers, and ground-fault circuit interrupters (GFCI). The Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter is a safety device to prevent an electrical accident when any faulty tool is plugged in. Starting from the load end, we have a dual-element or slow-blow fuse at the input of the power supply to the personal computer. PA Mine Law Section 300 (1) PA Mine Law Section 300 (2) PA Mine Law Section 300 (3) PA Mine Law Section 300 (4) Hard hats are rated for certain uses. The relay detects the abnormal condition by constantly measuring the electrical quantities e.g. Working around or on scaffolds. Electric motors have plenty of applications and are used to drive mechanical devices of all types, so it is very important to protect them adequately with MPCBs. Electrical Hazards. Over-current Relay I 1P I 1S CT 2000/5 A. . Observe Safe Work Practices 45 5. Protection is assured through detaching power supply in a circuit through overcurrent protection, which removes fire hazards and electrocution. This barrier/gap restricts the flow of electrons or in electrical terms= NO current flow. Medium-voltage electrical system protection Medium-voltage electrical system protection Overcurrent protection is required for medium-voltage transformers, and connecting these transformers is common for medium-voltage distribution systems. CHAPTER 4 PROTECTIVE DEVICES COORDINATION 4-1. structures, commonly referred to as. 19. This article specifically mandates that the emergency circuits be separated from the normal circuits as shown in 700.9(B) and that the wiring be specifically located to minimize system hazards as shown in 700.9(C), all of which reduce the probability of faults or failures to the system so it will be operational when called upon. Under abnormal working condition protection is necessary for safety of electrical equipments and safety of human being. It compares the incoming and outgoing current from the equipment along the circuit conductor. Use Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) 47 6. The leakage current chooses the simple low resistance path to flow. the human body, it can be very damaging to electronic devices which are sensitive to electrostatic discharge (ESD). Table II lists some common ANSI device num-bers associated with transformer protection. A device used to directly detect currents leaking to earth from an installation and cut the power and mainly used in TT earthing systems. The . Covers effective dates and best practice revisions based on the final Rule. Internal faults may be either electrical or mechanical 1. The protection unit or the device is use to disconnect the motor from the voltage source or the power source in case the voltage drops down below the rated value for the motor. It is based on sub-harmonic injection of a 20Hz voltage to continuously monitor the integrity of the stator windings. 3 cycles at 60 Hz = ( 3 x 1/60 ) = 0.05 seconds. protective devices ground-fault-circuit-interrupters (gfci) the gfci is designed to shut off electrical power with in as little as 1/40th of a second it works by comparing the amount of current going to the equipment against the current returning from the equipment if the difference exceeds 6ma the gfci stops current quickly enough to main article Located in series within a circuit Excessive current flow results from a decrease in circuit resistance. 2. Electrical Safety-Related Work Practices. Zones of Protection By dividing the power system into protection zones the extent of disconnections can be limited Working around overhead tools or machinery. Types of Head Protection Impact Protection Type I - Is designed to protect only against objects falling from straight overhead, hitting the hardhat on the top. NFPA 70E: Standard for Electrical Safety in the Workplace. The governing design principles of firedamp protection devices on electrical machines, transformers and switchgear issued in 1912 were based on the results of these experi ments. transformers and as backup protection if differential protection has been used - typically for category III & IV transformers. BS 7671:2008+A3:2015, there was an exception for some domestic dwellings to be excluded from surge protection requirements, for example, if . Arc welding can and has killed people in high risk environments Everyone involved needs to better understand the hazards, adopt sound practice and use appropriate safety devices Study and adhere to the Code of Practice: WTIA Tech Note 7-04 Use safety devices such as manual trigger switches and voltage reducing devices (VRDs) Under adverse . Hard hats offer protection so you do not contact electric current with your head. The GPM-S can be used with either of the Multilin G60 or . Lecture notes on switchgear and protection devices for students. The definition of high voltage varies but in power transmission work is usually thought to be 72.5 kV or higher. During the normal operation of power system, switchgear (fuse, circuit breaker, relay etc.) 1910.137 (a) (2) (i) (B) The test voltage shall be applied continuously for 3 minutes for equipment other than matting and shall be applied continuously for 1 minute for matting. These devices shut off the electricity flow in the event of an overload or ground-fault in the circuit. INSPECTION AND TESTING OF ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS RESIDUAL CURRENT DEVICES By . Fig 7.Four-pole induction-cup relay.
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